Ethical Issues in Foreign Policy

Biographical Information

Professor Moore | Professor Little

Professor John Norton Moore

John Norton Moore is the Walter L. Brown Professor of Law at the University of Virginia School of Law. He also directs the University's Center for National Security Law and the Center for Oceans Law and Policy, and was the Director of the Graduate Law Program at Virginia for more than 20 years. He is the author or editor of 25 books and over 160 scholarly articles and has been a Sesquicentennial Associate of the Center for Advanced Studies.

Professor Moore is an internationally recognized expert on international law and has taught and practiced in the field for over a quarter of a century. Viewed by many as the founder of the field of national security law, Professor Moore chaired the prestigious American Bar Association's Standing Committee on Law and National Security for four terms and served as Vice Chairman for Public International Law of the American Bar Association's Section of International Law and Practice. He served for two decades on the editorial board of the American Journal of International Law and is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, the American Law Institute, the American Society of International Law, the Order of the Coif, Phi Beta Kappa, Omicron Delta Kappa, the Board of Directors of Freedom House, and numerous other professional and honorary organizations. He has also been a Fellow of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars and an arbitrator in International Bank vs. Overseas Private Investment Corporation. Professor Moore has also served as a Lecturer in Law at People's University, Beijing, and as an observer of the Namibian constitutional drafting process on behalf of the Foundation for Democracy in Namibia. As Director of the Center for Oceans Law and Policy, Moore is also a co-founder with the Directors of the Aegean Institute of the Law of the Sea and Maritime Law, the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, and the Netherlands Institute for the Law of the Sea, of the international Rhodes Academy of Oceans Law and Policy, which held its first session in Rhodes, Greece, during the summer of 1996.

In addition to his scholarly career, Professor Moore has a distinguished record of public service. Among six Presidential appointments, he has served two terms as the Senate-confirmed Chairman of the Board of Directors of the United States Institute of Peace and, as the first Chairman, he set up and ran this new agency for its first half decade. He also served as the Counselor on International Law to the Department of State (with rank of Foreign Service Reserve 1), and as Ambassador and Deputy Special Representative of the President to the Law of the Sea Conference, Chairman of the National Security Council Interagency Task Force on the Law of the Sea, and as a special counsel for the United States legal team before the International Court of Justice in the Gulf of Maine and Paramilitary cases (as a Deputy Agent in the Paramilitary case).

In the recent past, he has served as a Consultant to the President's Intelligence Oversight Board, the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, and the United States Information Agency. He has also been a member of the National Advisory Committee on Oceans and Atmosphere, the United States Delegation to the United Nations General Assembly, the United States Delegation to the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the Presidential Delegation of the United States to observe elections in El Salvador. In 1990, he served, with the Deputy Attorney-General of the United States, as the Co-Chairman of the first United States-USSR talks on the Rule of Law (Moscow and Leningrad-St. Petersburg seminars). He also served as the legal advisor to the Kuwait Representative to the United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Boundary Demarcation Commission and as Legal Advisor to the Ambassador of Kuwait to the United States in the Gulf Crisis (1991-93).

Professor Moore is a recipient of the Hardy Dillard Award in International Law of the Virginia Bar Association, the George Washington Honor Medal of the Freedom Foundation, and is an honorary member of the Staff and Faculty of the Judge Advocate General's School of the Army, among other honors.

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Professor David Little  

Professor Little is the T.J. Dermot Dunphy Professor of the Practice in Religion, Ethnicity, and International Conflict at Harvard Divinity School, and Director of Initiatives in Religion and Public Life. He is also an Associate at the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs at Harvard University. Until the summer of 1999, he was Senior Scholar in Religion, Ethics and Human Rights at the United States Institute of Peace in Washington, DC, where earlier he was a Distinguished Fellow. One of his major responsibilities in that capacity was to direct the Working Group on Religion, Ideology, and Peace, which conducted a multi-year study of religion, nationalism, and intolerance, with special reference to the UN Declaration on the Elimination of Intolerance and Discrimination. He was a member of the U.S. State Department Advisory Committee on Religious Freedom Abroad from 1996 to 1998.

Little was formerly a Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia. He has taught previously at Harvard and Yale Divinity Schools, and from time to time at several colleges and universities. He was Distinguished Visiting Professor in Humanities at the University of Colorado, and has held the Henry R. Luce Professorship in Ethics at Amherst College and Haverford College. He has written in the areas of moral philosophy, moral theology, history of ethics, and the sociology of religion, with a special interest in comparative ethics, human rights, religious liberty, and ethics and international affairs. Little was educated at the College of Wooster, Union Theological Seminary ( New York City), and he holds his doctorate from Harvard University.

Little is co-author with Scott W. Hibbard of the USIP publication, Islamic Activism and U.S. Foreign Policy (1997). Little is author of two of the volumes in the USIP series on religion, nationalism, and intolerance (RNI), Ukraine: The Legacy of Intolerance (1991), and SriLanka: The Invention of Enmity (1994). The RNI conference report on Tibet, Sino-Tibetan Coexistence: Creating Space for Tibetan Self-Direction, written by Little and Hibbard, also appeared in 1994. While at Harvard, Little hopes to produce a volume summarizing the conclusions of the RNI series, and to complete a study tentatively entitled, "Rights and Emergencies: Protecting Human Rights in the Midst of Conflict." With his wife, Priscilla, he is also working on a book that will introduce Roger Williams to a European audience.

Little's recently published articles include: "Rethinking Human Rights: Review Essay on Religion, Relativism, and Other Matters," in the Journal of Religious Ethics, "A Different Kind of Justice: Dealing with Human Rights Violations in Transitional Societies,” “Religion and Ethnicity in the Sri Lankan Civil War,” in Creating Peace in Sri Lanka: Civil War and Reconciliation; “Coming to Terms with Religious Militancy,” Harvard Divinity School Bulletin; “Religious Freedom and Religious Minorities” in Protecting the Human Rights of Religious Minorities in Eastern Europe, and Rethinking Religious Tolerance: Toward an Understanding of Tolerance and Reconciliation (with David Chidester).

Earlier publications include Human Rights and the Conflict of Cultures: Freedom of Religion and Conscience in the West and Islam (with John Kelsay and Abdulaziz Sachedina) (1988), Religion, Order and Law: A Study in Pre-Revolutionary England(1969, 1984), and Comparative Religious Ethics (with S.B. Twiss) (1978).

Little is married and he and his wife, Priscilla, have three married children, and seven grandchildren.